New SMU Scholarship Supports Aspiring Writers of African Nova Scotian Descent

Saint Mary's University is launching an innovative new scholarship to support aspiring writers of African descent upon graduation.  

“I thought of this as a way to encourage Black Nova Scotians who want to pursue a career in writing,” says Floyd Kane BA’92, a writer, filmmaker and TV producer from East Preston, whose philanthropic gift makes the new award possible for students in the Faculty of Arts.  

“A lot of people’s dreams are limited by their financial backgrounds, and I just wanted to remove that barrier from the equation. So if you have the drive and ambition to pursue your dream, you can go and do it and not have to worry about where your next meal comes from or how you’re going to pay your rent.”

The new Edna and Velma Thomas Kane Writers Award is open to students who self-identify as being of African descent, with first priority to students of African Nova Scotian descent. Award recipients will receive $30,000 upon graduation to help mitigate the burden of financial debt; to support them in further post-secondary studies or training such as internships, apprenticeships or self-directed projects; and to advance their aspirations for careers in writing. Find the application form here.

"Saint Mary's recognizes the importance of diverse voices and perspectives in all fields of research and study, including the creative arts and industries," says President Dr. Robert Summerby-Murray. "Writing and storytelling are essential tools for sharing our province's unique histories and experiences. This award will help us support African Nova Scotian students by reducing financial barriers as they embark on their next steps toward careers in writing. We are committed to creating possibilities for our students, celebrating their creative talents, and working together toward a World without limits."     

Floyd Kane BA'92

Floyd Kane BA'92

After graduating from Saint Mary’s, Kane’s next steps were a law degree then working as legal counsel and a production executive on such notable film and TV projects as This Hour Has 22 Minutes, Shake Hands with the Devil, and the Oscar-winning documentary Bowling for Columbine. But writing was always his first love so he eventually chose to make it a more central aspect of his career, starting with his drama series North/South. He has since written for numerous TV shows and produced the 2015 feature film, Across the Line, his story about a North Preston hockey player aiming for a professional career on the ice.

“One of the things I realized as I got into the industry is that I never saw Black Nova Scotians portrayed in Canadian film and television, so that was a goal I wanted to accomplish, to be able to bring those stories to the screen,” says Kane.

Those stories are resonating widely with audiences, not just in Canada. His acclaimed series Diggstown, which shot its third season in Halifax this summer, airs nationally on CBC-TV and will soon be seen in the U.S. on the FOX network. The show’s central character Marcie Diggs is a legal aid lawyer from North Preston who surfs in her spare time and works hard for her clients, challenging social injustices that strike a universal chord far beyond Nova Scotia. 

Kane recalls local tourism ads from the time he was growing up: “It was all these people who were sailing and surfing and having lobster dinners. And they were all white. What I love about Diggstown is that it’s an opportunity to recast the Nova Scotia narrative but it puts Black and Indigenous people at the centre of it.”

That sense of possibility in storytelling ignited for him as an undergrad at Saint Mary’s. Kane started out as a Commerce major, switching to Arts after producing a play at age 19. In a pivotal course in 19th century literature, one of his projects was tackling an update to the 1847 classic, Wuthering Heights. “I just loved the idea that I could take this book and put Black people into the narrative in a textual way. There has always been talk that Brontë may have intended Heathcliff to be Black.”

Kane maintains a close connection with Saint Mary’s by serving as a member of the Board of Governors, and he’s thrilled to help create this opportunity for aspiring writers, to reduce financial roadblocks as they graduate.

“I really hope it’s transformational for those who will receive it. I hope it helps them to continue to pursue whatever dreams they have,” he says.

The award is named for his mother Edna and his late aunt Velma, who always supported his dreams. 

“Everything starts with them,” says Kane. “Even though we were poor, my mother made sure we never wanted for anything. My aunt bought me a Smith Corona typewriter when I was in Grade 7, and I taught myself to type. The first things I ever wrote were on that machine. Professionally, she’s the reason why I’m here and personally, my mom inspired the ambition that got me here. So I wanted to honour those two great Black Nova Scotian women who never had the opportunities I had.”

A writing career isn’t limited to writing novels, poems or film scripts, he adds. For award eligibility, it could be anything from creative writing to non-fiction history books, digital communications, or continuing an academic path in an Arts and Humanities discipline. As part of the application process, available soon on the website, students will submit a personal statement essay outlining their career goals.

Kane’s main advice for young writers?

“Don’t give up,” he says. “Don’t be dissuaded by naysayers. Keep doing the work. Put your head down and just persevere …. In all honesty, this is the only thing I could ever see myself doing.”

For information on the Edna and Velma Thomas Kane Writers Award, including the online application form, see Faculty of Arts Awards and Funding

News release: New SMU Scholarship Supports Aspiring Writers of African Nova Scotia Descent

Floyd Kane BA'92, on the set of the show he created, DIggstown.

Floyd Kane BA'92, on the set of the show he created, DIggstown.

Saint Mary's University is launching an innovative new scholarship to support aspiring writers of African descent upon graduation.  

"I know the challenges and barriers that face aspiring writers of African Nova Scotian descent because that’s my lived experience," says Floyd Kane BA'92, the person behind this generous philanthropic gift. "This award is named in honour of my mother and aunt—two women who supported my dreams from the beginning.  I am proud to have the opportunity to pass along that support to the next generation of African Nova Scotian writers via an award that bears their name." 

The Edna and Velma Thomas Kane Writers Award has three main goals. To mitigate the burden of financial debt and insecurity for undergraduate students of African Nova Scotian descent in the Faculty of Arts. To support them in pursuing further post-secondary studies or training such as internships, apprenticeships, self-directed projects. And lastly, to advance their aspirations for careers in writing. The award recipient will receive $30,000 in support of these goals.

"Saint Mary's recognizes the importance of diverse voices and perspectives in all fields of research and study, including the creative arts and industries," says Saint Mary's University President Dr. Robert Summerby-Murray. "Writing and storytelling are essential tools for sharing our province's unique histories and experiences. This award will help us support African Nova Scotian students by reducing financial barriers as they embark on their next steps toward careers in writing. We are committed to creating possibilities for our students at Saint Mary's, celebrating their creative talents, and working together toward a World without limits."   

A member of the Saint Mary's University Board of Governors, Kane is a successful writer, filmmaker and television producer with numerous projects shot internationally – and in Nova Scotia, such as the feature film Across the Line (2014) and current hit TV series Diggstown, airing nationally on CBC-TV and soon in the U.S. on the FOX network. Kane grew up in East Preston and currently resides in Toronto. He was inspired to establish the award as a result of seeing talented fellow African Nova Scotian writers face challenges in pursuing careers in the arts and culture sectors due to barriers such as limited access to financial support.

The Edna and Velma Thomas Kane Writers Award is available for applications this academic year. For details and the online award application form, see Faculty of Arts Awards and Funding.

Saint Mary’s University Appoints New Dean of the Faculty of Arts

Dr. Mary I. Ingraham

Dr. Mary I. Ingraham

Saint Mary's University is pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Mary I. Ingraham to the position of Dean, Faculty of Arts, Saint Mary's University, effective October 1, 2021.     

"I am honoured to announce the appointment of Dr. Mary I. Ingraham as the new Dean of the Faculty of Arts," says Saint Mary's University President Dr. Robert Summerby-Murray. "I look forward to Dr. Ingraham continuing to advance the position of Saint Mary's Faculty of Arts in our region as a preferred destination for students, faculty and staff engaged in high quality scholarship, teaching and research that explores and advances our World without limits.”   

Dr. Ingraham comes to Saint Mary's University by way of the University of Lethbridge, where she was the Dean of Fine Arts. Previously, Dr. Ingraham served as the Director of the Sound Studies Institute at the University of Alberta. While there, she also served as a Professor of Musicology for 16 years.    

"I am inspired by Saint Mary's commitment to equity and diversity as well as the Faculty of Arts' active participation in intercultural community engagement. The relationships and reciprocity students and faculty experience through interdisciplinary practices across SMU’s programs are invaluable in the development of strong global citizenship," says Dr. Ingraham. "I look forward to building upon the efforts of the university's faculty, students and staff to promote diversity, equity and inclusion and advance the importance and growth of Arts education for today's students and society."    

Born and raised in Nova Scotia, Dr. Ingraham's career began with a love of music, beginning with the piano at age three. From that early passion, a life and career dedicated to music and the arts began. While completing her Bachelor of Music in Piano Performance at Mount Allison University, Dr. Ingraham's focus shifted to German  literature and music history, earning a master's degree at the University of Victoria and a doctorate at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom. Her research is interdisciplinary in nature, emphasizing cultural studies and considering issues of ethnicity, race, gender and spirituality in identity studies.   

Dr. Ingraham and her husband David Owen, a professional oboist, are looking forward to returning to Nova Scotia after many years away from home. They will arrive in Halifax this fall, and she will assume her new role as dean this semester. 
 

Saint Mary’s University Enacts New COVID-19 Measures

With the full endorsement of the Board of Governors, and after broad consultation with students, faculty, and staff, Saint Mary’s University is taking action to ensure the safety of the university community ahead of the Fall 2021 semester.  The university is adopting COVID-19 mandatory vaccination requirements for residence students, varsity and club sport student-athletes and Department of Athletics and Recreation staff and coaches, together with heightened health and safety protocols.

“As we prepare to return to campus this fall, and as COVID-19 variants continue to emerge around the world and in Canada, we have an opportunity as a university community to make a difference for ourselves and the wider community,” says Saint Mary’s University President Dr. Robert Summerby-Murray. “After a year and a half of managing our collective response to COVID-19 with much effort and sacrifice on everyone’s part, it is time to resume more fully the unique, vibrant and engaging experience that is the hallmark of Saint Mary’s University.”   

The goal is to have everyone in the Saint Mary’s University community: faculty, staff and students, fully vaccinated by October 15, 2021. By achieving this goal, the university will keep the community safe, enjoy a vibrant on-campus experience and contribute to the health and safety of the greater community.  

Saint Mary’s University is taking the following measures to ensure that campus is prepared to return to in-person activities for the fall:  

  • Varsity athletes, students in club sports, coaches, staff in the Department of Athletics and Recreation, and students living in residence must be fully vaccinated by October 15, 2021.

    • They will be required to provide proof of vaccination status before participating in varsity or club sport or accessing their residence room.

    • The university may extend these requirements to other groups in the future.

  • Students, staff, and faculty not subject to the mandatory requirement for vaccinations are required to follow public health recommendations to be fully vaccinated.

    • On-campus, pop-up vaccination clinics will be provided and access to other centres for vaccination will be supported so that this objective can be achieved by October 15, 2021.

  • Masks are required in all common areas and in shared indoor spaces on campus unless physical distancing of at least one metre can be maintained. This is a requirement for all when present on campus.

  • Asymptomatic rapid testing will be available on campus for all students, faculty and staff. 

  • Faculty, staff, students and visitors are required to use the daily check-in process upon arrival at campus. Effective September 1, there will be an added anonymous form for self-declaration of vaccination status.

The university recognizes that some individuals may have legitimate circumstances for seeking an exemption or accommodation and will provide an application process for accommodation.    

“Saint Mary’s University and Nova Scotia have fared well during these challenging times due to concerted and decisive action, and we can be proud of what we have achieved so far,” says President Summerby-Murray. “From the outset of this pandemic, I have said that the health and safety of our community come first. This new policy embodies that commitment.”   

For more information on the COVID-19 protocols in place at Saint Mary’s University, visit https://www.smu.ca/virtualuniversity/welcome.html.

Entrepreneur, Storyteller and Performance Artist: Introducing the new RBC Talent Hub Entrepreneur-In-Residence

HALIFAX, NS— Entrepreneur. Storyteller. Performance artist. Those are some of the terms used to describe the next RBC Talent Hub Entrepreneur-In-Residence at Saint Mary's University's Entrepreneurship Centre (SMUEC), SMU alumna Leah Skerry.

Leah Skerry BComm '09 is a performing artist, producer and entrepreneur. Her work depicts Skerry's fascination with technology, storytelling, and gamification. She is currently co-producing a hybrid aerial dance show pushing the boundaries of set design and function, funded by the Canada Council of Arts and Montreal's National Circus School.

"Moving back to the East Coast and the opportunity to give back to students and the community where I developed my entrepreneurial sea legs is a full-circle moment," says Skerry. "I hope my experience spanning education, technology, and arts will help others on their path to new ideas and inspire more to seek a multidisciplinary life-long education."

Prior to taking the leap into professional dance and circus, Leah co-founded Squiggle Park by Eyeread Inc. (acquired by Dreambox), an adaptive online reading game with over 3 million kids learning. In addition to studying at the Sobey School of Business, Leah studied design at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design and contemporary circus arts in Chicago and Montreal.

"Leah is an experienced entrepreneur with a broad range of interests that will help her connect with our students whose business ideas can be very diverse and touch on many different sectors," says Michael Sanderson, Director, SMUEC. "We are ecstatic to have her join our team and share her knowledge with the next generation of great Canadian entrepreneurs."

As part of her role as an Entrepreneur-in-Residence, Skerry provides Master Class lectures, workshops, and one-on-one coaching at conferences held by the entrepreneurship centre and weekly office hours for student and community entrepreneurs to offer support, coaching, and advisory assistance.

"We are thrilled Leah will be the next entrepreneur-in-residence at the RBC Talent Hub," says Kellie Sauriol, RBC's Regional Vice President, Business Financial Services, Atlantic Canada. "Students will benefit greatly from her diverse professional background, leadership skills and proven entrepreneurial success."

As home to the RBC Talent Hub, the SMUEC hosts Entrepreneurs-In-Residence (EIR), giving students access to some of Canada's top entrepreneurs. They are selected based on their passion for entrepreneurship and their ability to provide a breadth of advice and information.   The RBC Talent Hub also includes an entrepreneurial mindset success certificate, multi-level skilled entrepreneurship training workshops, a student consultant team and a talent fund for co-operative education.  All of these initiatives are made possible through the RBC Foundation in support of RBC Future Launch.

Dr. Rachel Zellars to Assist Federal Public Service with Anti-Racism, Equity and Inclusion Commitment

Saint Mary’s congratulates Dr. Rachel Zellars on her appointment as the inaugural Jocelyne Bourgon Visiting Scholar in the Canada School of Public Service for 2021-2022.

Dr. Zellars, Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Justice and Community Studies, will be working closely with the federal service in the implementation of the recent Call to action on anti-racism, equity, and inclusion in the Federal Public Service. Her appointment begins on September 1, 2021.

Dr. Zellars has facilitated dozens of critical implicit bias trainings for government leaders and management, both provincially and federally since 2014. She is widely recognized for her abilities to center local historical contexts, locate implicit bias within living histories of anti-blackness, and address barriers to personal and structural change with pointedness and vision. She regularly facilitates critical implicit bias trainings in a multitude of areas related to social identity and difference, as well.     

Recently, Dr. Zellars completed a five-month project with the Department of Justice, where she designed the data collection stage for ongoing, transformational agency-wide work regarding anti-blackness, diversity, and inclusion; designed and facilitated closed employee interview circles for hundreds of employees and managers; worked closely with the Director of Workplace Wellbeing & Mental Health to ensure proper data collection and respectful facilitation for Indigenous employees; and prepared a final report to the DOJ, detailing findings.

The Call to Action, released January 22 by the Privy Council, directs leaders across the Federal Public Service to take practical actions that will be the basis for systemic change. For more details, see this message and guidance for deputy ministers and heads of federal agencies, shared July 8 by Janice Charette, Interim Clerk of the Privy Council and Secretary to the Cabinet. 

The Canada School of Public Service was established in 2004, with a legislative mandate to provide a range of learning activities to build individual and organizational capacity and management excellence within the federal public service. The Honourable Jocelyne Bourgon is President Emerita of the School; Founding President of Public Governance International (PGI); and Project Leader of the New Synthesis Initiative. She has had a distinguished career in the Canadian public service, serving as Clerk of the Privy Council and Secretary to the Cabinet, as well as Deputy Minister of various departments and Canadian Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Halifax Citadel-Sable Island Riding Candidates Debate Important Student Issues

The Community Revitalization & Prosperity Network, in partnership with Saint Mary’s University Students’ Association (SMUSA), hosted a live-streamed debate for the candidates from the Halifax Citadel-Sable Island Riding on August 5, 2021, from 12: 45 pm – 2:30 pm ADT. This event highlighted the political parties’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and important issues that are faced by students.

Check out the live stream recorded session.

Canada-U.S. scientists to hunt for genetic clues to help struggling North Atlantic right whales rebound

Project co-lead Dr. Timothy Frasier (centre) with students.

Project co-lead Dr. Timothy Frasier (centre) with students.

Are clues to improved conservation of the critically endangered North Atlantic right whales lurking in their genes? 

Genome Atlantic and Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, together with the New England Aquarium’s Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, Boston, are teaming up on a $6 million, four-year study to find out. The Large-Scale Applied Research Project, funded by Genome Canada and managed by Genome Atlantic, is expected to get under way between July and September this year. 

It is hoped the project’s findings will help conservation efforts become “more effective and efficient,” said Dr. Tim Frasier, one of the project’s two co-leads.  A specialist in genetic analyses and marine mammal behaviour, he is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University.  

 “Our work is focused on using genomic data to quantify the impact of inbreeding on reproductive success and species recovery, and to identify if there are long-term negative consequences of non-lethal entanglements in fishing gear,” he said. Genetic implications of non-deadly vessel strikes will also be investigated.

Given current failures to stop or reverse the right whale’s continuing decline, it is anticipated insights from the project could prove critical. 

The North Atlantic right whale has been on endangered species’ lists in Canada and the United States for years. Yet today there are estimated to be less than 400 left, of which fewer than 100 are breeding females. In addition to having a high mortality rate from entanglement in fishing gear and vessel strikes, the species’ reproductive rate is also compromised. It is about three times lower than their known potential. A relatively high percentage of females have either never given birth or have had only one calf. Those females with multiple calves reproduce on average every six-to-10 years, as opposed to the expected three-year cycle.  

With this low reproductive rate comes greater risk of the species’ extinction. Dr. Frasier’s project counterpart, Philip Hamilton, a leading expert on right whale biology and Senior Scientist at the Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium, wouldn’t hazard a guess at how long that scenario might take to play out on the current trajectory. However, he said, the North Atlantic right whale, though long-lived, could become “functionally extinct” sooner than later, “because reproductive females are killed at a faster rate.”  

Project co-lead Philip Hamilton and his team of scientists from the New England Aquarium photograph a social group of North Atlantic right whales. (Photo: New England Aquarium, Brian Skerry)

Project co-lead Philip Hamilton and his team of scientists from the New England Aquarium photograph a social group of North Atlantic right whales. (Photo: New England Aquarium, Brian Skerry)

“The important point, is that this species can survive and potentially thrive again, if we stop wounding and killing them with ropes and vessels,” he said. Encounters with fishing gear and vessels, coupled with declining reproduction rates, constitute a triple threat to North Atlantic right whale survival. 

The genomic probe into these phenomena will benefit from complementary databases. Dr. Frasier’s lab maintains the archival tissue and DNA bank for the species, while Mr. Hamilton curates a photo database that contains all data on right whale health and reproduction. 

Dr. Moira Brown, Senior Scientist at the Canadian Whale Institute, Welshpool, N.B., and a member of the project team, has noted big strides in molecular analysis of these mammals over her 40-year career. For her PhD thesis in 1988, she said, “I started the skin biopsy sampling program in the Bay of Fundy. Using a small stainless tip attached to a bolt launched from a crossbow, I sampled 25 whales that first year. The initial goal was to be able to identify males from females and to determine the sex ratio of the population using DNA analyses. Fast-forward three decades. Scientists have since learned a great deal about right whales from molecular analyses.” 

Today, she said, 80 per cent of the whale population has been sampled, equipping researchers to address “the burning question: what, if any, is the impact of inbreeding on reproduction and how does that affect species recovery?” It is a question shipping and fishing industry representatives repeatedly ask her, and she hopes soon to have the answer. 

The North Atlantic right whale research community is “extremely collaborative,” and has been so for decades, said Dr. Frasier. That factor made it easy, he said, to recruit researchers to this international project. He pointed out that the North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium – a data- and research-sharing group dedicated to the recovery of the species – has been active, since 1986, bringing together Canadian and American researchers, policy makers, fishing and shipping industry representatives and educators in an effort to conserve the species. 

On another level, though, Mr. Hamilton pointed out right whales’ international movements between American and Canadian waters have complicated their plight. “Ideally,” he said, “right whales would be equally protected in both countries–a goal that is complicated by the two countries’ very different regulatory frameworks.” 

Consequently, the research team is hoping to produce persuasive, actionable, scientific data for the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in Canada and the National Marine Fisheries Service in the U.S. to better manage North Atlantic right whale conservation in their respective jurisdictions. Researchers also hope their study’s findings can promote changes in fishing and shipping industry perceptions and behaviours to help the struggling right whale population rebound.

 To ensure the project’s conclusions resonate in those circles, Dr. Randle Hart, a specialist in the sociology of science and, more particularly, in the way scientific information is chosen for incorporation in policy development, has been recruited to the research team from Saint Mary’s University. 

Dr. Frasier described Dr. Hart’s role as “key to the success of this project.” He explained, “understanding how best to use the data available to result in the most effective and efficient conservation actions is a social science, and this is the work that Randy will be conducting.” 

At the data-gathering end, the scientific team will measure the impact of inbreeding on reproduction and species recovery and attempt to fill a major knowledge gap on the role of genetic factors in wildlife conservation. Also, on the agenda are assessment of the long-term genetic impacts on whales that have had non-lethal encounters with vessels and fishing gear, and an evaluation of the team’s findings for North Atlantic right whale conservation.  

Apart from the multi-million-dollar whale watching industry that has grown around them, whales play a vital role in stabilizing marine ecosystems by helping to regulate a wide spectrum of marine organisms with their presence. Their nitrogen-laden fecal matter, released when they rise to the ocean’s surface to defecate, for instance, is known to stimulate plankton growth and other microorganisms that form the foundation of the oceanic food chain, critical to the existence of marine life and for the maintenance of the fishing industry.  

For seasoned right whale researchers, such as Mr. Hamilton, with more than 30 years in the field, these gigantic creatures remain endlessly fascinating. 

Having studied these animals so long, he says he knows “almost every individual” and he has followed some of them “consistently year-to-year and habitat-to-habitat,” and yet, he said, so many questions are unanswered: “How do they locate their patches of prey? What do the loud, percussive ‘gunshot’ sounds they make signify? And how do they produce the sounds? Why do some whales make such long-range explorations, like Mogul, and how do they decide where to go?” 

He added, “this species has been the underdog for most of my career. For the first two decades, the general public didn’t even know the species existed. People thought I was saying ‘white whale’ not ‘right whale.’ They had heard of belugas. Fighting for the underdog feels instinctive to me.  

“Finally, every birth, every death, every injury has a face and a story behind it. Many of the whales alive today, I saw as calves. To watch them weather the many hardships of living in an urban ocean is heartbreaking. They can’t advocate for themselves. It’s up to those of us who know and care about them to speak for them.” 

Others on the Frasier-Hamilton team besides Dr. Brown, all keenly committed to right whale welfare, include Dr. Angelia Vanderlaan, Research Scientist, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, N.S.; Dr. Linda Rutledge, a bioinformatics expert and Assistant Professor in the Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ont.; Dr. Michael Asaro, Economist, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, Mass; Dr. Robert Schick, Independent Research Scientist, Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab, Nicolas School of Environment, Duke University, Durham, S.C.; and R. Clay George, Senior Wildlife Biologist, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Nongame Conservation Section, Brunswick, Ga. 

Besides Genome Canada funding, the project is being supported by Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Research Nova Scotia in Canada, and by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the US National Marine Fisheries Service, and the New England Aquarium in the United States.

This article first appeared in on the Genome Atlantic website and has been republished with permission.

 

News release: Canada-U.S. team looks to genomics to guide North Atlantic right whale conservation

Philip Hamilton and his team of scientists from the New England Aquarium photograph a social group of North Atlantic right whales. (Photo: New England Aquarium, Brian Skerry)

Philip Hamilton and his team of scientists from the New England Aquarium photograph a social group of North Atlantic right whales. (Photo: New England Aquarium, Brian Skerry)

For immediate release

July 22, 2021- Halifax, N.S.

The number of critically endangered North Atlantic right whales continues to be buffeted by high mortality rates from vessel strikes, fishing gear entanglements, and by a low rate of reproduction. There is now estimated to be fewer than 400 individuals left, including less than 100 breeding females. With inbreeding suspected as a major factor in the species’ low birth rate, a Canadian-U.S. team of scientists is launching a research project to assess how genetic factors are hampering the right whale’s recovery.

Dr. Tim Frasier (centre), a specialist in genetic analyses and marine mammal behaviour from Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, N.S. is shown on the trail of North Atlantic right whales. At Saint Mary’s University he is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology. (Photo: Brenna Frasier)

Dr. Tim Frasier (centre), a specialist in genetic analyses and marine mammal behaviour from Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, N.S. is shown on the trail of North Atlantic right whales. At Saint Mary’s University he is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology. (Photo: Brenna Frasier)

Conservation Genomics of the Endangered North Atlantic Right Whale is a $6 million, four-year international collaboration with Genome Atlantic and Saint Mary’s University, in Halifax, N.S., and with the New England Aquarium in Boston, Mass. Other collaborators include Fisheries and Oceans Canada and the Canadian Whale Institute in Canada, along with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Duke University, and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, all in the United States.

This landmark project was one of eight announced today by the Honourable François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry. The projects are the latest to attain funding through Genome Canada’s Large-Scale Applied Research Project (LSARP) Competition.

Managed by Genome Atlantic, the project is co-led by Dr. Timothy Frasier, Saint Mary’s University, who has been doing genetic analysis of the right whale for more than 20 years; and by Philip Hamilton, a leading expert on right whale biology and Senior Scientist at the Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium in Boston.

The Genome Atlantic project will look at genetic factors that could explain why the reproductive rate of North Atlantic right whales is three times lower than their known potential. The team also plans to assess if, and to what degree, non-lethal encounters with vessels and fishing gear change the expression of genes in a manner that lowers the long-term health and reproduction of individuals, and to evaluate the ramifications for conservation of the species. The team will combine genomics– the study of genes and their functions–with long-term field data on North Atlantic right whales and their reproductive histories.

Recommendations, based on the project findings, will be made to the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in Canada and to the National Marine Fisheries Service (also known as NOAA Fisheries, an office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) in the U.S. on right whale-related recovery expectations, goals and conservation priorities. The results could have implications for marine management policies, practices and conservation plans. The two government entities are charged with managing and conserving the North Atlantic right whale population within their respective jurisdictions. Seasonal migrations, which send a portion of the right whale population through Canadian and American waters, have made recovery of the species a joint concern.

Apart from the multi-million-dollar whale watching industry that has grown around them, whales play a vital role in stabilizing marine ecosystems by helping to regulate a wide spectrum of marine organisms with their presence. The nitrogen-laden fecal matter they release when they rise to the ocean’s surface to defecate, for instance, is known to stimulate plankton growth and other microorganisms that form the foundation of the oceanic food chain, critical to the existence of marine life and for the maintenance of the fishing industry.

Besides Genome Canada funding, the international research project will receive support from Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Research Nova Scotia in Canada, and from the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the US National Marine Fisheries Service, and the New England Aquarium in the United States.

The project is expected to start between July and September this year.

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QUOTES:

The endangered North Atlantic right whale plays an important role in our marine ecosystem, and conserving this species is of vital importance and urgency. By identifying to what degree genetic factors are influencing the whales’ recovery, this project will aid conservation efforts and help us monitor their population. Conserving endangered marine wildlife benefits our environment, our economy and our communities.”

—Dr. Steve Armstrong, president, Genome Atlantic, the Canadian non-profit corporation managing the project.


“Although inbreeding has been an important topic in population biology for over a century, our understanding of its impact in the wild, and in endangered species in particular, is still in its infancy due to a lack of good case studies. This study, where we have the ability to combine 40 years of field data with genomic data for such a high percentage of individuals, will allow us to not only quantify the impacts of inbreeding on the recovery potential of this species, but will also greatly improve our understanding of the impacts of inbreeding on wildlife populations and the subsequent implications for conservation.”

—Dr. Timothy Frasier, project co-lead and Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, N.S.

“Since 2015, this species has experienced a precipitous decline that is unprecedented in 40 years of study. We know many are dying from vessel strikes and entanglements; We don’t know the impacts of non-lethal wounds caused by humans, or the impacts of their reduced breeding pool. We need to make bold changes to how we use the oceans and to do so, we need as much understanding of the problem and cultural support for those changes.”

—Philip Hamilton, project co-lead and Senior Scientist, Kraus Marine Mammal Conservation Program, Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, New England Aquarium, Boston, Mass.

“We now have individual genetic profiles for over 80 per cent of the whale population that has enabled researchers to identify paternity and construct family trees. We can now address the burning question: what, if any, is the impact of inbreeding on reproduction and how does that affect species recovery? In my dealings with representatives of the shipping and fishing industries, I often get asked that very question. The results of the DNA analyses will be shared with mariners to help them understand the importance of measures to reduce entanglements and ship strikes, in order to avoid further narrowing the genetic diversity of the species. Additionally, this will enable researchers to identify paternity, and therefore help reveal the family tree of these incredible creatures.”

—Dr. Moira Brown, Senior Scientist, Canadian Whale Institute, Welshpool, N.B.


Genome Atlantic is a not-for-profit corporation with a mission to help Atlantic Canada reap the economic and social benefits of genomics technologies. Since its inception in 2000, the corporation has worked with a range of private and public-sector partners to enable more than $125 million in new genomics R&D.

Saint Mary’s University is one of Canada’s top primary undergraduate universities–known for its international collaborations, leadership in entrepreneurship, and research that benefits local and global communities. Our programs in Arts, Science, Graduate Studies and the Sobey School of Business are among Canada’s best and feature professors who are committed to the success of their students. Saint Mary’s provides our 7,000 students with a place that fosters possibility, excellent research opportunities, and distinguished graduate and professional programs combined with a caring community. Nestled in the heart of Halifax, Nova Scotia, on Canada’s east coast, Saint Mary’s University is marked by iconic buildings, green spaces and fresh ocean air. The Saint Mary’s University community is committed to a prosperous future for the world—a world without limits.

The New England Aquarium is a global leader in marine science and conservation, working to safeguard ocean animals and habitats. With more than 1.3 million visitors a year, the Aquarium is one of the premier visitor attractions in Boston and a major public education resource for the region. The Aquarium’s research and rescue efforts build on the institution’s 50-year legacy of protecting the blue planet and advocating for vital and vibrant oceans. In the Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, scientists conduct applied marine research that informs ocean management, policy, and industry practices, and contributes to the innovation of new technologies. Through its Sea Turtle Rescue Program, the Aquarium helps protect critically endangered and threatened sea turtle populations through rescue, rehabilitation, and release efforts.

New Book Examines British Political Turbulence Through Novels of the 1970s

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In his latest book, Dr. J. Russell Perkin explores one of the more tumultuous decades in modern British politics – as chronicled in popular novels of the time. Like much of the British music of the 1970s, these seminal bestsellers have endured over the past 50 years, reflecting the fascinating political history of the era but also playing a meaningful role in it.

While writing Politics and the British Novel in the 1970s, Dr. Perkin was struck by how “urgently contemporary” these stories remain: the environmental fable Watership Down by Richard Adams, The Ice Age by Margaret Drabble, Daniel Martin by John Fowles, John le Carré’s Cold War spy thrillers, V.S. Naipaul’s studies on post-colonial displacement, and works by Malcolm Bradbury, David Lodge, Doris Lessing and others.

As Perkin conducted his research for the book, the Brexit controversy echoed the U.K.’s 1975 referendum on joining the European Economic Community. The Saint Mary’s English professor observed many other recurring and continuing issues of nationality and citizenship, race and immigration, right-wing extremism, social disparity, gender, and the environment.

Finishing his manuscript during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the spring of 2020, “I often felt as though one of Doris Lessing’s dystopian visions was playing itself out in reality,” he remarked in the preface of the book, which was released in June by McGill-Queen’s University Press. Lessing’s “apocalyptic visions and bleak view of existing society” also resonated with students in his 2019 honours seminar on the same topic as the new book, Perkin added in a campus news interview.

“Her great novel, The Memoirs of a Survivor, was about a society that was collapsing for reasons that aren’t really clear,” he says. “It might be an environmental disaster or a failure of organization, but all the normal infrastructure of life is just failing. She captures that world, and I imagine it was partly from having lived through wartime that she was able to do it so powerfully.”

Though he specializes in 19th and 20th-century British literature, writing the book was also quite a personal trip down memory lane for Perkin. Born in England, he moved to Canada at age eight and returned overseas to study at Oxford University in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Margaret Thatcher had just been elected, the national health service and public housing were in jeopardy, students were marching for nuclear disarmament, and many felt Britain was losing its global influence.

Back then, the big social novels by Fowles and Drabble particularly stood out for Perkin, as both authors were diagnosing the state of the nation in their fiction. Years later, he found himself still thinking about these stories.

“One of the things a lot of novelists explore is this nostalgic idea of the good old days of Britain when things were simpler, which is a myth that has been there as long as British literature,” says Perkin. “It has always been reproduced in popular culture but also questioned. Certainly, Fowles’ novel Daniel Martin does both of those things. It has incredible nostalgia for an idealized past, but at the same time recognizes that it’s a construct and that for many people it wasn’t in fact such a great time.”

We Can: A Community Research Lecture Series Launches

Researchers at SMU and their community partners are sharing their work with the Saint Mary’s University community in a new series of presentations and discussions on Zoom We Can: A Community Research Lecture Series. The new series is the creation of Dr. Adam Sarty, Dean of Graduate Studies and Research, and Associate Vice-President, Research, and Ray MacNeil, Network Manager CLARI, who want to demonstrate how research at Saint Mary’s is often a very close collaboration with community partners.

Research featured in the first session covered the connection between the agri-food business and immigration and will lead to recommendations about how to ensure the succession of family farms, grow small businesses, and encourage young entrepreneurs including Black Nova Scotians. A second team of researchers revealed their findings around the pre-contact use of copper among ancient civilizations here in Mi’kma’ki. A centerpiece of their work is the partnership and sharing with Mi’kmaq groups around Nova Scotia without whom their work would not be possible. Stay tuned for more sessions in Fall 2021.

Sociology Professors Mining Text Data to Cover Wider Ground in Immigration Research

Two Saint Mary's sociology professors are on a Halifax research team that has received a grant from the national Exploration competition of the New Frontiers in Research Fund (NFRF). The federal funding has an objective of supporting “high-risk, high-reward and interdisciplinary research” to strengthen Canadian innovation. 

Dr. Evie Tastsoglou and Dr. Eugena Kwon will investigate the changing public perceptions and social constructions of immigrants and refugees in Canada, starting from the time of Confederation to the current COVID-19 era. The research will also examine how these perceptions are systematically connected to specific economic, demographic, and political developments in the ongoing making of the Canadian state.

Titled “Visual analytics for text-intensive social science research on immigration,” the project will also introduce and evaluate a new artificial intelligence methodology for text-intensive social science research.

“The game changer in this research will be the consolidation of a new interdisciplinary way of working with disciplines that are far removed from social science,” explains Tastsoglou, who received the 2020 President’s Award for Excellence in Research at Saint Mary’s in February.

She and Kwon are collaborating with Dr. Evangelos Milios, a researcher from Dalhousie’s Faculty of Computer Science, who is the project’s co-principal investigator along with Tastsoglou. They will be pioneering new applications for natural language processing (NLP) and visual analytics (VA) systems, in hopes of enabling social scientists to retrieve and analyze much larger document sets than ever before.

This research will focus on news content going back to the mid-1800s in two national newspapers, The Globe and Mail and Toronto Star (and their antecedents). It will also use the technology tools and a number of keywords to sift through court decisions, parliamentary debates and 21st century social media data.  

“In the social sciences in general, it’s hard to cover mass amounts of information,” explains Kwon, co-applicant in the funding competition. “One of the main strengths of our project is, by collaborating with computer scientists and using visual analytics, it will help make it feasible for us to cover massive amounts of information.”

Without the visual analytics tools, it would be nearly impossible to manually collect and analyze historical texts spanning nearly two centuries. Input from the sociologists will be key to helping the computer scientists design and refine a text-retrieval system that will collect data that is most relevant to their immigration research.

“As social scientists, there’s no limit to what we can do if this is successful,” adds Kwon.

According to the team’s funding proposal, “Canada’s humanitarian tradition has been a pole of attraction to new immigrants and refugees and a source of pride for all Canadians. Understanding the changing, and often contradictory, perceptions/constructions of immigrants/refugees in Canadian history … will be of great benefit to scholars, policy-makers and the broader public. It may debunk certain taken-for-granted ‘truths’ about Canada but it can also help shape more informed policy to cope with economic and social challenges of the 21st century.” 

The project will receive $250,000 over two years. This year’s NFRF awards, announced May 31, are supporting 117 research projects across Canada with “the potential to yield game-changing results in social, cultural, economic, health-related or technological areas”.

The New Frontiers in Research Fund is administered by the Tri-agency Institutional Programs Secretariat on behalf of Canada’s three research granting agencies: the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC).